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A malignant tumor of the cartilage
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Most often seen as a mass of soft tissue with varying degrees of calcification, indistiguishable border with the bone of origin
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Often greater than 4 cm at presentation (Limaiem et al. 2023).
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On CT:
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Non-contrast erosion of surrounding bone, ringed or crescent calcification in low grade lesions, amorphous calcification in high grade
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Contrast shows heterogenous enhancement, ill-defined boders
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On MR:
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T1 shows homogenous isointense signal, bone invasion is well-noted as well as marrow replacement
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T2 shows high signal with possible surrounding edema
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T1 post-contrast shows varying enhancement, more with higher grade lesion
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Most cases are sporadic, most commonly seen above the age of 50 years (Limaiem et al. 2023).
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The second most common bony malignancy (Weinschenk et al. 2021 and Chow 2018).
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Late-recurrences not uncommon; histological grade is the most important predictor (Limaiem et al. 2023).
References
Limaiem F, Davis DD, Sticco KL. Chondrosarcoma. [Updated 2023 Aug 14]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK38132/
Weinschenk RC, Wang WL, Lewis VO. Chondrosarcoma. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2021;29(13):553-562. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-01188
Chow WA. Chondrosarcoma: biology, genetics, and epigenetics. F1000Res. 2018;7:F1000 Faculty Rev-1826. Published 2018 Nov 20. doi:10.12688/f1000research.15953.1