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Floor of Mouth SCCa (Squamous Cell Carcinoma) - Radiology

last modified on: Tue, 12/12/2023 - 11:45

 

  • Floor of mouth squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa) is the second most common oral cavity malignancy (Chi et al. 2015)

  • Alcohol and tobacco smoking are significant risk factors (Oikawa et al. 2021)

  • Important to observe for submucosal extension

  • Involvement of neurovascular bundles is an indicator for tumor spread

  • Note spread to the base of tongue or oral tongue

  • Submandibular glands are often involved which indicates sublingual space extension; note duct dilatation due to tumor mass effect or duct infiltration

  • Observe mandible and note tumor involvement (Montero et al. 2015)

  • Most common nodal involvement is nodal levels I and II

    • Ipsilateral nodes present at presentation in 30-59% of cases

      • More likely to have cervical lymph node metastases than tongue cancers with similar thickness (Oikawa et al. 2021)

    • Contralateral nodes present in 7.8% of cases

 

References

Chamoli A, Gosavi AS, Shirwadkar UP, Wangdale KV, Behera SK, Kurrey NK, Kalia K, Mandoli A. Overview of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: Risk factors, mechanisms, and diagnostics. Oral Oncol. 2021 Oct;121:105451. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105451. Epub 2021 Jul 28. PMID: 34329869.

Oikawa Y, Tanaka K, Ohsako T, Kugimoto T, Kuroshima T, Hirai H, Tomioka H, Shimamoto H, Michi Y, Sakamoto K, Ikeda T, Harada H. Comparison of Clinicopathological Characteristics Between the Anterior and Posterior Type of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Floor of the Mouth: The Anterior Type Is a Risk Factor for Multiple Primary Cancer. Front Oncol. 2021 Jun 29;11:682428. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.682428. PMID: 34268115; PMCID: PMC8276066.

Chi, A.C., Day, T.A. and Neville, B.W. (2015), Oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma—an update. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 65: 401-421. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21293

Montero PH, Patel SG. Cancer of the oral cavity. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2015 Jul;24(3):491-508. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Apr 15. PMID: 25979396; PMCID: PMC5018209.