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Botond Banfi, MD, PhD

Associate Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology

Introduction

Hereditary hearing loss is a frequent disorder, affecting about 1 in 1,000 babies. Analyses of mouse models of human hereditary hearing-loss cases have revealed that most deafness-causing mutations are associated with the death of mechanosensory hair cells in the hearing organ. Hair cells are essential for hearing, and they cannot regenerate spontaneously in humans, mice, and other mammals. Gene specific therapies are currently not available for non-syndromic hereditary deafness, and treatment options are limited to hearing aid and cochlear implants. We use gene discovery approaches to find ways to prevent gene mutation-associated hearing loss in mouse models of human deafness cases. Specifically, we identify genes that are critical for hearing, and we analyze the molecular functions of the encoded proteins to reveal therapeutic interventions that could compensate for the defects of the studied proteins (e.g., see in PMID: 29961578). Of the genes that are required for hearing, we are especially interested in those that encode transcription factors. Some of these transcription factors will potentially be useful, perhaps as components of a "molecular cocktail", to overcome the gene regulatory barriers to hair cell regeneration in the hearing organ. Another group of regulatory proteins studied in our lab includes tissue-specifically expressed splicing factors; these factors can alter the exon compositions of specific mRNAs. We identify the exons that are regulated by these splicing factors, and we examine the physiological effects of the regulated splicing changes. Given that the splicing of many mRNAs is regulated similarly in hair cells and neurons, our research branches into the field of neuroscience.

Current Positions

  • Associate Professor of Anatomy and Cell Biology
  • Associate Professor of Internal Medicine
  • Associate Professor of Otolaryngology

Education

  • MD in Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
  • PhD in Physiology, Semmelweis Univerity, Budapest, Hungary
  • Fellow in Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Graduate Program Affiliations

Center, Program and Institute Affiliations

Research Interests

  • Research in the Banfi laboratory is focused on two areas: (1) cystic fibrosis lung disease and (2) the hereditary causes of hearing and balance disorders.

Selected Publications

  • Tona, R., Chen, W., Nakano, Y., Reyes, L. D., Petralia, R. S., Wang, Y. X., Starost, M. F., Wafa, T. T., Morell, R. J., Cravedi, K. D., Hoffmann, J., Miyoshi, T., Munasinghe, J. P., Fitzgerald, T. S., Chudasama, Y., Omori, K., Pierpaoli, C., Banfi, B., Dong, L., Belyantseva, I. A. & Friedman, T. B. (2019). The phenotypic landscape of a Tbc1d24 mutant mouse includes convulsive seizures resembling human early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Human Molecular Genetics Epub ahead of print. PMID: 30602030.
  • Nakano, Y., Kelly, M. C., Rehman, A. U., Boger, E. T., Morell, R. J., Kelley, M. W., Friedman, T. B. & Banfi, B. (2018). Defects in the alternative splicing-dependent Regulation of REST Cause Deafness. Cell 174 (3) 536-548.e21. PMID: 29961578.
  • Xu, Q., Choksi, S., Qu, J., Jang, J., Choe, M., Banfi, B., Engelhardt, J. F. & Liu, Z. G. (2016). NADPH Oxidases Are Essential for Macrophage Differentiation. The Journal of biological chemistry 291 (38) 20030-20041. PMCID: PMC5025689.
  • Swiderski, R. E., Nankano, Y., Mullins, R. F., Seo, S. & Banfi, B. (2014). A mutation in the mouse ttc26 gene leads to impaired hedgehog signaling. PLoS Genetics 10 (10) e1004689. PMCID: PMC4207615.
  • Meitzler, J. L., Hinde, S., Banfi, B., Nauseef, W. M. & Ortiz de Montellano, P. R. (2013). Conserved cysteine residues provide a protein-protein interaction surface in dual oxidase (DUOX) proteins. (Vols. 288). (10), pp. 7147-7157. J Biol Chem.
  • Spencer, N. Y., Zhou, W., Li, Q., Zhang, Y., Luo, M., Yan, Z., Lynch, T. J., Abbott, D., Banfi, B. & Engelhardt, J. F. (2013). Hepatocytes produce TNF-α following hypoxia-reoxygenation and liver ischemia-reperfusion in a NADPH oxidase- and c-Src-dependent manner. (Vols. 305). (1), pp. G84-94. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.
  • Pezzulo, A., Tang, X. X., Hoegger, M. J., Alaiwa, M. H., Ramachandran, S., Moninger, T. O., Karp, P. H., Wohlford-Lenane, C. L., Haagsman, H. P., Van Ejik, M., Banfi, B., Horswill, A. R., Stoltz, D. A., McCray Jr, P. B., Welsh, M. J. & Zabner, J. (2012). Reduced airway surface pH impairs bacterial killing in the porcine cystic fibrosis lung. (Vols. 487). (7405), pp. 109-113. Nature.
  • Jagadeesha, D. K., Takapoo, M., Banfi, B., Bhalla, R. C. & Miller, F. J. (2012). Nox1 transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor promotes N-cadherin shedding and smooth muscle cell migration. (Vols. 93). (3), pp. 406-413. Cardiovasc Res.
  • Nakano, Y., Jahan, I., Bonde, G., Sun, X., Hildebrand, M. S., Engelhardt, J. F., Smith, R. J., Cornell, R. A., Fritzsch, B. & Banfi, B. (2012). A Mutation in the Srrm4 Gene Causes Alternative Splicing Defects and Deafness in the Bronx Waltzer Mouse. (Vols. 8). (10), pp. e1002966. PloS Genetics.