Over the next few weeks, graduating medical students will recite their medical oath at commencement ceremonies across the country. Most people might assume that this oath is universal; even people within the medical profession, who know there is some variation, might think the oaths are essentially similar in terms of the values expressed. But a new study by a University of Iowa bioethicist and medical student finds that not only are there many different oaths, but only a few ethical values are held in common among these oaths.